Canadian laboratories are governed by:

Canadian laboratories operate under a framework that includes federal, provincial, and municipal legislation, making "all of the above" the correct choice.

Federal legislation may set national standards for certain practices and quality control measures relevant to laboratories across the country, addressing issues such as safety, handling of hazardous materials, and crafting of guidelines for specific industries.

Provincial legislation plays a crucial role as it governs many aspects of laboratory operation within each province, which can include regulations about licensing, health and safety, and compliance with specific provincial guidelines that cater to local needs and conditions.

Municipal legislation also influences laboratory operations, particularly regarding zoning laws, local health and safety regulations, and waste management protocols that are important for compliance at the community level.

Together, these layers of legislation create a comprehensive regulatory environment that helps ensure laboratories maintain high standards of safety and quality, while addressing specific local and national concerns effectively. This collaborative approach helps ensure that laboratories operate safely and effectively across various levels of governance.